COLLECTION NAME:
Visual Resources Teaching Collection
mediaCollectionId
ArtArtHiAAH~7~7
Visual Resources Teaching Collection
Collection
true
Image Record ID:
aahi0009744
image_record_id
aahi0009744
Image Record ID
false
Work Title (display):
The Refusal to Grow Up
Image Title:
full view
Work Dates (display):
1993
Work Dates type:
creation
Image Date (display):
2012-04-24
Work Creator (display):
Louise Bourgeois (American, born France, 1911-2010)
Work Creator gender:
female
work_creator_or_agent_gender
female
Work Creator gender
false
Work Creator notes (display):
American sculptor, painter and printmaker of French birth. Her parents ran a workshop in Paris restoring tapestries, for which Bourgeois filled in the designs where they had become worn. She studied mathematics at the Sorbonne before turning to studio arts. In 1938, after marrying Robert Goldwater, an American art historian, critic and curator, she went to New York, where she enrolled in the Art Students League and studied painting for two years with Václav Vytlačil (b 1892). Bourgeois's work was shown at the Brooklyn Museum Print Exhibition in 1939. During World War II she worked with Joan Miró, André Masson and other European expatriates. Although Bourgeois exhibited with the Abstract Expressionistsand, like them, drew from the unconsciousshe never became an abstract artist. Instead, she created symbolic objects and drawings expressing themes of loneliness and conflict, frustration and vulnerability, as reflected in her suite of engravings and parables, He Disappeared into Complete Silence (1947). In 1949 Bourgeois had her first sculpture exhibition, including Woman in the Shape of a Shuttle (19479; New York, Xavier Fourcade), at the Peridot Gallery; this work proved typical of her wooden sculpture and foreshadowed her preoccupations of the following years. Her first sculptures were narrow wooden pieces, such as Sleeping Figure (1950; New York, MOMA), a 'stick' figure articulated into four parts with two supporting poles. Bourgeois soon began using non-traditional media, with rough works in latex and plaster contrasting with her elegantly worked pieces in wood, bronze and marble. In the 1960s and 1970s her work became more sexually explicit, as in the Femme Couteau group (196970; King's Point, NY, J. and E. Spiegel priv. col.) and Cumul I (1969; Paris, Pompidou). The psychological origins of her work are particularly evident in Destruction of the Father (1974; New York, Xavier Fourcade). Bourgeois's work was appreciated by a wider public in the 1970s as a result of the change in attitudes wrought by feminism and Post-modernism. (Grove Art Online Accessed 2008-02-06)
Work Style Period:
20th century
work_styleperiod
20th century
Work Style Period
false
Work Subject:
diagrams
subject
diagrams
Work Subject
false
Work Subject:
adulthood
subject
adulthood
Work Subject
false
Work Subject:
life cycle
subject
life cycle
Work Subject
false
Work Subject:
plants (vegetation)
subject
plants (vegetation)
Work Subject
false
Work Subject:
childhood
subject
childhood
Work Subject
false
Work Subject:
mothers
subject
mothers
Work Subject
false
Work Subject:
life
subject
life
Work Subject
false
Work Subject:
flowers (plants)
subject
flowers (plants)
Work Subject
false
Work Subject:
growth
subject
growth
Work Subject
false
Work Worktype:
drawings
work_type
drawings
Work Worktype
false
Work Category (VRC classification):
drawings
work_category__ucbaahvrc_classification_
drawings
Work Category (VRC classification)
false
Work Material and Technique (display):
pencil and ink on paper
Work Measurements (display):
31.7 cm (H) x 24.1 cm (W)
Image Source Reproduction citation:
Bourgeois, Louise, Gerald Matt, and Peter Weiermair. Louise Bourgeois: Aller-retour: Zeichnungen Und Skulpturen = Drawings and Sculptures. Nürnberg: Verlag für moderne Kunst Nürnberg, 2005. Print.
image_source_copy_from_print_name
Bourgeois, Louise, Gerald Matt, and Peter Weiermair. Louise Bourgeois: Aller-retour: Zeichnungen Und Skulpturen = Drawings and Sculptures. Nürnberg: Verlag für moderne Kunst Nürnberg, 2005. Print.
Image Source Reproduction citation
false
Image Source Reproduction refid:
3-938821-19-1
Image Source Reproduction page number:
138
Image Source Reproduction refid type:
ISBN
Image Rights (display):
unknown
Image Rights fair use checklist:
1) use of this image is for education and educational research; 2) access is restricted to University of Colorado and Auraria Higher Education Center communities; 3) the original photographer is credited if known; 4) the image is published; 5) the amount of the work in relation to the whole is needed for education or educational research; 6) the number of derivatives is the minimum required for education or educational research; 7) the image has not been found to be reasonably available for sale; 8) duplication of the image does not violate preexisting contracts.
Work Rights (display):
© Louise Bourgeois
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Holding Institution:
University of Colorado at Boulder
Collection:
Art and Art History Visual Resources Collection
Collection info and contact:
For information about this collection, see